Diagnostics encompass equipment used to determine and classify causal relationships by measuring pulse, blood pressure for cardiovascular disease, heart rate, lung sounds, Korotkoff sounds for NIBP (non-invasive blood pressure measurement), and checking pupils. This equipment is primarily for professionals in hospitals, ambulances, and primary health care and is often found in emergency medical equipment. Stethoscopes, blood pressure monitors, pulse oximeters, and penlights are equipment categorized under diagnostics.